Provisional: live fieldwork, 602 interviews so far. Percentages are of each
question's valid base (missing/not-asked excluded). Right-hand grey figure = count.
Quota fill from response data
Computed directly from the answers, so it stays correct even when a survey's platform quota counter is broken. ⚠ = platform counter disagrees.
Age
18-24
61/61
25-34
107/105
35-44
98/98
45-54
111/110
55-64
96/96
65+
129/140
Sex
Male
284/293
Female
318/317
Region
North West
?/67
North East
?/24
Yorkshire and the Humber
?/48
East of England
?/55
West Midlands
?/55
East Midlands
?/43
Wales
?/31
Scotland
?/50
South East
?/85
London
?/79
South West
?/55
Northern Ireland
?/18
SEG
ABC1
297/342
C2DE
305/268⚠
Income
Up to £19,999
176/128⚠
£20,000 - £39,999
227/250
£40,000 or more
199/232
Hiqual
No Qualifications / Level 1
0/232⚠
Level 2 / Apprenticeship / Other
0/134⚠
Level 3
0/73⚠
Level 4+
602/171⚠
Device_1 Device - ** HIDDEN QUESTION TO STORE: Store device type ** Desktop
Base: 161
Desktop
100.0%
161
Device_2 Device - ** HIDDEN QUESTION TO STORE: Store device type ** Mobile
Base: 441
Mobile
100.0%
441
Changelog Change log
Base: 602
1
100.0%
602
Sex What is your sex?
Base: 602
Female
52.8%
318
Male
47.2%
284
Country In which country do you currently live?
Base: 602
England
83.6%
503
Scotland
8.3%
50
Wales
5.1%
31
Northern Ireland
3.0%
18
Region_A *** Autocoding Scotland or Northern Ireland or Wales
Base: 99
Scotland
50.5%
50
Wales
31.3%
31
Northern Ireland
18.2%
18
Region_B These are the regions of England. Which Region do you live in?
Base: 503
London
15.9%
80
South East
15.1%
76
North West
13.3%
67
East of England
10.9%
55
West Midlands
10.9%
55
South West
10.9%
55
Yorkshire and the Humber
9.5%
48
East Midlands
8.5%
43
North East
4.8%
24
Region_C *** Region
Base: 602
London
13.3%
80
South East
12.6%
76
North West
11.1%
67
East of England
9.1%
55
West Midlands
9.1%
55
South West
9.1%
55
Scotland
8.3%
50
Yorkshire and the Humber
8.0%
48
East Midlands
7.1%
43
Wales
5.1%
31
North East
4.0%
24
Northern Ireland
3.0%
18
scot_region Which electoral region of Scotland do you live in?
Base: 50
North East Scotland
24.0%
12
Glasgow
20.0%
10
Central Scotland
16.0%
8
Lothian
12.0%
6
West Scotland
8.0%
4
Highlands and Islands
8.0%
4
South Scotland
6.0%
3
Mid Scotland and Fife
6.0%
3
london_borough Which borough do you live in?
Base: 80
City of London
21.2%
17
Hillingdon
10.0%
8
Havering
6.2%
5
Barking and Dagenham
3.8%
3
Bromley
3.8%
3
Lewisham
3.8%
3
Redbridge
3.8%
3
Tower Hamlets
3.8%
3
Barnet
2.5%
2
Brent
2.5%
2
Camden
2.5%
2
Croydon
2.5%
2
Ealing
2.5%
2
Enfield
2.5%
2
Greenwich
2.5%
2
Islington
2.5%
2
Kingston upon Thames
2.5%
2
Southwark
2.5%
2
Waltham Forest
2.5%
2
Wandsworth
2.5%
2
Bexley
1.2%
1
Hackney
1.2%
1
Hammersmith and Fulham
1.2%
1
Haringey
1.2%
1
Harrow
1.2%
1
Hounslow
1.2%
1
Lambeth
1.2%
1
Merton
1.2%
1
Richmond upon Thames
1.2%
1
Sutton
1.2%
1
Westminster
1.2%
1
la_east_mids Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 43
Leicestershire
25.6%
11
Lincolnshire
16.3%
7
Nottinghamshire
14.0%
6
Derbyshire
11.6%
5
West Northamptonshire
9.3%
4
Derby
7.0%
3
Leicester
7.0%
3
North Northamptonshire
7.0%
3
Nottingham
2.3%
1
la_south_east Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 76
Kent
22.4%
17
Buckinghamshire
11.8%
9
Hampshire
10.5%
8
East Sussex
9.2%
7
West Sussex
9.2%
7
Portsmouth
7.9%
6
Surrey
7.9%
6
Reading
5.3%
4
Medway
3.9%
3
Brighton and Hove
2.6%
2
Milton Keynes
2.6%
2
Oxfordshire
2.6%
2
Wokingham
2.6%
2
Southampton
1.3%
1
la_east_england Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 55
Essex
32.7%
18
Norfolk
16.4%
9
Hertfordshire
10.9%
6
Suffolk
10.9%
6
Peterborough
9.1%
5
Cambridgeshire
7.3%
4
Bedford
5.5%
3
Thurrock
5.5%
3
Central Bedfordshire
1.8%
1
la_north_east Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 24
Newcastle upon Tyne
33.3%
8
County Durham
29.2%
7
Gateshead
12.5%
3
Stockton-on-Tees
8.3%
2
Hartlepool
4.2%
1
Middlesbrough
4.2%
1
Northumberland
4.2%
1
Redcar and Cleveland
4.2%
1
la_north_west Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 67
Manchester
26.9%
18
Lancashire
10.4%
7
Liverpool
9.0%
6
Cheshire West and Chester
7.5%
5
Cheshire East
6.0%
4
Wirral
6.0%
4
Blackpool
4.5%
3
Bolton
4.5%
3
Bury
4.5%
3
Cumberland
4.5%
3
Wigan
4.5%
3
Blackburn with Darwen
3.0%
2
St Helens
3.0%
2
Trafford
3.0%
2
Knowsley
1.5%
1
Sefton
1.5%
1
la_west_mids Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 55
Birmingham
32.7%
18
Staffordshire
12.7%
7
Worcestershire
10.9%
6
Coventry
9.1%
5
Shropshire
7.3%
4
Warwickshire
7.3%
4
Solihull
5.5%
3
Walsall
5.5%
3
Wolverhampton
3.6%
2
County of Herefordshire
1.8%
1
Sandwell
1.8%
1
Stoke-on-Trent
1.8%
1
la_south_west Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 55
Devon
23.6%
13
City of Bristol
18.2%
10
Swindon
9.1%
5
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole
7.3%
4
Somerset
7.3%
4
Cornwall
5.5%
3
Dorset
5.5%
3
Gloucestershire
5.5%
3
Plymouth
5.5%
3
Bath and North East Somerset
3.6%
2
North Somerset
3.6%
2
Wiltshire
3.6%
2
South Gloucestershire
1.8%
1
la_yorkshire_humber Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 48
Kirklees
16.7%
8
Leeds
14.6%
7
East Riding of Yorkshire
12.5%
6
North Yorkshire
10.4%
5
Sheffield
8.3%
4
Bradford
6.2%
3
Rotherham
6.2%
3
Calderdale
4.2%
2
Doncaster
4.2%
2
Wakefield
4.2%
2
York
4.2%
2
Barnsley
2.1%
1
City of Kingston upon Hull
2.1%
1
North East Lincolnshire
2.1%
1
North Lincolnshire
2.1%
1
la_scotland Which council area do you live in?
Base: 50
Aberdeen City
20.0%
10
Glasgow City
14.0%
7
City of Edinburgh
12.0%
6
Fife
6.0%
3
Angus
4.0%
2
Highland
4.0%
2
Midlothian
4.0%
2
Moray
4.0%
2
North Ayrshire
4.0%
2
West Lothian
4.0%
2
Aberdeenshire
2.0%
1
Dumfries and Galloway
2.0%
1
Dundee City
2.0%
1
East Dunbartonshire
2.0%
1
East Lothian
2.0%
1
Falkirk
2.0%
1
Inverclyde
2.0%
1
North Lanarkshire
2.0%
1
Perth and Kinross
2.0%
1
Renfrewshire
2.0%
1
Scottish Borders
2.0%
1
West Dunbartonshire
2.0%
1
wales_la In which local authority do you live?
Base: 31
Cardiff // Caerdydd
16.1%
5
Caerphilly // Caerffili
9.7%
3
Carmarthenshire // Sir Gaerfyrddin
9.7%
3
Gwynedd // Gwynedd
6.5%
2
Merthyr Tydfil // Merthyr Tudful
6.5%
2
Neath Port Talbot // Castell-nedd Port Talbot
6.5%
2
Pembrokeshire // Sir Benfro
6.5%
2
Powys // Powys
6.5%
2
Rhondda Cynon Taf // Rhondda Cynon Taf
6.5%
2
Torfaen // Torfaen
6.5%
2
Vale of Glamorgan // Bro Morgannwg
6.5%
2
Bridgend // Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr
3.2%
1
Conwy // Conwy
3.2%
1
Monmouthshire // Sir Fynwy
3.2%
1
Newport // Casnewydd
3.2%
1
la_northern_ireland Which local authority do you live in?
Base: 18
Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon
27.8%
5
Newry, Mourne and Down
22.2%
4
Ards and North Down
16.7%
3
Fermanagh and Omagh
11.1%
2
Lisburn and Castlereagh
11.1%
2
Belfast
5.6%
1
Derry City and Strabane
5.6%
1
emp1 Which of the following best describes your current employment status?
Base: 602
Employed full-time (More than 30 hours per week)
45.7%
275
Retired
19.9%
120
Employed part-time (Up to 30 hours per week)
15.1%
91
Unemployed
5.6%
34
Self-employed
4.8%
29
Unable to work due to long-term illness or disability
4.5%
27
Family carer / homemaker
3.2%
19
Student
1.2%
7
emp2 Are you currently also in any paid employment alongside your studies?
Base: 7
Employed part-time (Up to 30 hours per week)
71.4%
5
Not Employed
28.6%
2
sector_1 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Mining and Resources
Base: 4
Mining and Resources
100.0%
4
sector_2 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Financial Services
Base: 50
Financial Services
100.0%
50
sector_3 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Healthcare and Medical Research
Base: 80
Healthcare and Medical Research
100.0%
80
sector_4 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Agriculture and Food Production
Base: 20
Agriculture and Food Production
100.0%
20
sector_5 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Technology
Base: 84
Technology
100.0%
84
sector_6 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Tourism and Hospitality
Base: 40
Tourism and Hospitality
100.0%
40
sector_7 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Retail and Consumer Goods
Base: 94
Retail and Consumer Goods
100.0%
94
sector_8 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Construction and Infrastructure
Base: 60
Construction and Infrastructure
100.0%
60
sector_9 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Education and Training
Base: 69
Education and Training
100.0%
69
sector_11 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? Other
Base: 157
Other
100.0%
157
sector_12 sector - Which industries/sectors have you worked in (including your current job if you have one)? I have never been employed
Base: 49
I have never been employed
100.0%
49
seg Which of the following best describes the current occupation of the chief income earner in your household?
Base: 602
Intermediate managerial roles, administrative or professional
18.3%
110
Supervisory or clerical and junior managerial roles, administrative or professional
16.4%
99
Skilled manual worker
15.6%
94
Higher managerial roles, administrative or professional
14.6%
88
Semi-skilled and unskilled manual worker
14.6%
88
State pensioner
10.5%
63
Unemployed with state benefits only
8.1%
49
Casual worker
1.8%
11
Ethnicity What is your ethnic group?
Base: 602
White
82.9%
499
Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
8.3%
50
Asian/British Asian
5.5%
33
Mixed/multiple ethnic groups
2.3%
14
Other ethnic group
0.5%
3
Prefer not to say
0.5%
3
computationaladults How many people aged 14 or over live in your household, including yourself?
Base: 602
2
46.5%
280
1 (only me)
24.4%
147
3
15.8%
95
4
8.8%
53
5
3.0%
18
6 or more
1.5%
9
computationalchildren How many children aged 13 or under live in your household?
Base: 602
0 (no children aged 13 or under)
67.3%
405
1
15.8%
95
2
13.5%
81
3
2.2%
13
4
1.0%
6
6 or more
0.3%
2
HHinc Which of the following categories best describes your annual household income, including all benefits, but before tax is deducted?
Base: 602
£20,000 - £29,999
19.3%
116
£30,000 - £39,999
16.6%
100
£50,000 - £59,999
8.8%
53
£40,000 - £49,999
7.8%
47
£100,000 - £149,999
7.3%
44
£15,000 - £19,999
7.0%
42
Less than £10,000
6.6%
40
£10,000 - £14,999
6.1%
37
£60,000 - £69,999
4.5%
27
Prefer not to say
4.2%
25
£70,000 - £79,999
3.7%
22
£200,000 or more
2.8%
17
£150,000 - £199,999
2.2%
13
£80,000 - £89,999
1.2%
7
£90,000 - £99,999
1.2%
7
Don't know
0.8%
5
HHinc_Range We want to hear from a broad range of people from across the country. We ask about annual household income for demographic purposes only. It does not need to be exact, just as accurate an estimate as you can give.
Base: 30
Less than £20,000
50.0%
15
Between £20,000 and £39,999
33.3%
10
Between £40,000 and £59,999
16.7%
5
aehhinc The calculation needs to use computationalincome, computationaladults and computationalchildren
Base: 602
£20,000 - £39,999
37.7%
227
£40,000 or more
33.1%
199
Up to £19,999
29.2%
176
qual_multi_1 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? No Qualifications
Base: 60
No Qualifications
100.0%
60
qual_multi_2 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Entry level qualification (e g entry level certificate, Skills for Life)
Base: 34
Entry level qualification (e g entry level certificate, Skills for Life)
100.0%
34
qual_multi_3 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Level 1 qualification (e g Level 1 basic / essential / functional skills, Music Grade 1, 2, or 3)
Base: 35
Level 1 qualification (e g Level 1 basic / essential / functional skills, Music Grade 1, 2, or 3)
100.0%
35
qual_multi_4 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? A formal Apprenticeship
Base: 27
A formal Apprenticeship
100.0%
27
qual_multi_5 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? NVQs / GNVQs / RSA Diploma
Base: 74
NVQs / GNVQs / RSA Diploma
100.0%
74
qual_multi_6 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Standard Grade
Base: 13
Standard Grade
100.0%
13
qual_multi_7 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? GCSEs / O-Levels / CSEs
Base: 211
GCSEs / O-Levels / CSEs
100.0%
211
qual_multi_8 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Highers / Advanced Highers
Base: 19
Highers / Advanced Highers
100.0%
19
qual_multi_9 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? AS-Levels
Base: 22
AS-Levels
100.0%
22
qual_multi_10 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? A-Levels
Base: 90
A-Levels
100.0%
90
qual_multi_11 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? International Baccalaureate Diploma / Technical Baccalaureate Level 3
Base: 14
International Baccalaureate Diploma / Technical Baccalaureate Level 3
100.0%
14
qual_multi_12 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Higher National Certificate (HNC) / Certificate of Higher Education (CertHE)
Base: 21
Higher National Certificate (HNC) / Certificate of Higher Education (CertHE)
100.0%
21
qual_multi_13 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Higher National Diploma (HND) / Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) / Foundation Degree
Base: 26
Higher National Diploma (HND) / Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) / Foundation Degree
100.0%
26
qual_multi_14 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Professional Qualifications (e g Teaching, Nursing, Accountancy, Licentiateship)
Base: 35
Professional Qualifications (e g Teaching, Nursing, Accountancy, Licentiateship)
100.0%
35
qual_multi_15 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Degree / Postgraduate Degree (e g BA, BSc, MA, MSc, MRes, MBA, PGCE, PGDip, PhD)
Base: 210
Degree / Postgraduate Degree (e g BA, BSc, MA, MSc, MRes, MBA, PGCE, PGDip, PhD)
100.0%
210
qual_multi_16 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Award
Base: 3
Award
100.0%
3
qual_multi_17 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Certificate (Other)
Base: 13
Certificate (Other)
100.0%
13
qual_multi_18 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Diploma (Other)
Base: 12
Diploma (Other)
100.0%
12
qual_multi_19 qual_multi - Which of these qualifications do you have? Other (incl other work-related qualifications / vocational training, e g forklift operator training, construction skills certification scheme (CSCS), & Foreign Qualifications)
Base: 14
Other (incl other work-related qualifications / vocational training, e g forklift operator training, construction skil
100.0%
14
qual_nvq At which level is your highest qualification for your NVQs/GNVQs/RSA Diploma?
Base: 74
NVQ Level 3 or an Advanced GNVQ or an RSA Advanced Diploma
48.6%
36
NVQ Level 2 or an Intermediate GNVQ or an RSA Diploma
32.4%
24
NVQ Level 4 or higher, or an RSA Higher Diploma
10.8%
8
NVQ Level 1 or a Foundation GNVQ
8.1%
6
qual_alevel_1 qual_alevel - How many of each of the following qualifications do you have? A-Levels
Base: 94
3
47.9%
45
2
24.5%
23
4+
18.1%
17
1
9.6%
9
qual_alevel_2 qual_alevel - How many of each of the following qualifications do you have? AS-Levels
Base: 94
1
63.8%
60
3
17.0%
16
2
11.7%
11
4+
7.4%
7
qual_gcse What is your highest level of attainment for your GCSEs/O-Levels/CSEs?
Base: 211
5 or more GCSEs (Grades A*-C) / O-Levels (Pass) / CSEs (Grade 1)
67.3%
142
1 or more GCSEs (any grade) / O-Levels / CSEs (any grade)
32.7%
69
qual_awd At which level is your highest qualification for your Award?
Base: 3
Level 3
66.7%
2
Level 2
33.3%
1
qual_cer At which level is your highest qualification for your Certificate (Other)?
Base: 13
Level 4 or higher
53.8%
7
Level 2
23.1%
3
Level 3
23.1%
3
qual_dip What qualification level is your Diploma?
Base: 12
Level 4 or higher
50.0%
6
Level 3
33.3%
4
Level 1
8.3%
1
Level 2
8.3%
1
qual_categories_hid_1 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) No Qualifications
Base: 60
No Qualifications
100.0%
60
qual_categories_hid_2 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Entry level
Base: 34
Entry level
100.0%
34
qual_categories_hid_3 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Level 1
Base: 126
Level 1
100.0%
126
qual_categories_hid_4 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Level 2
Base: 195
Level 2
100.0%
195
qual_categories_hid_5 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Apprenticeship
Base: 27
Apprenticeship
100.0%
27
qual_categories_hid_6 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Other
Base: 14
Other
100.0%
14
qual_categories_hid_7 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Level 3
Base: 92
Level 3
100.0%
92
qual_categories_hid_8 qual_categories_hid - Categorising qualifications into one of 8 categories (Hidden) Level 4+
Base: 254
Level 4+
100.0%
254
hiqual Highest level of qualification (Hidden)
Base: 602
Level 4+
100.0%
602
attention Please select the statement below which indicates you're paying attention.
Base: 217
I'm paying attention
99.5%
216
I'm not paying attention
0.5%
1
consent Please read the below and indicate whether you give consent or not. You will be able to proceed after 10 seconds.I consent to participate in this project, the details of which have been explained to me.I understand that the purpose of this re
Base: 602
I understand the above and I consent
100.0%
602
RandomNumberGenerator1 This question is hidden to select ONE random number between 1 and 3The question is automatically hidden - NO need to write sys_range (and pls don't because it will mess it up)If you want to change the number of options:1 - Dele
Base: 602
2
52.0%
313
1
48.0%
289
RandomNumberGenerator2 This question is hidden to select ONE random number between 1 and 3The question is automatically hidden - NO need to write sys_range (and pls don't because it will mess it up)If you want to change the number of options:1 - Dele
Base: 602
2
52.8%
318
1
47.2%
284
RandomNumberGenerator3 This question is hidden to select ONE random number between 1 and 3The question is automatically hidden - NO need to write sys_range (and pls don't because it will mess it up)If you want to change the number of options:1 - Dele
Base: 602
2
50.8%
306
1
49.2%
296
RandomNumberGenerator4 This question is hidden to select ONE random number between 1 and 3The question is automatically hidden - NO need to write sys_range (and pls don't because it will mess it up)If you want to change the number of options:1 - Dele
Base: 602
2
52.8%
318
1
47.2%
284
q1pre Judge A is scheduled to hear a case involving XYZ Corporation. Judge A owns a number of shares in XYZ Corporation.In your view, should Judge A be disqualified from hearing the case involving XYZ Corporation?
Base: 602
Disqualified from hearing the case
68.6%
413
Allowed to hear the case
23.4%
141
Not sure
8.0%
48
q1pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
49.2%
296
6
17.3%
104
5
12.1%
73
4
10.3%
62
3
5.0%
30
1 - Not at all confident
4.3%
26
2
1.8%
11
q1control When financial interests like shareholdings are at issue, the emphasis is on the orderly process and continuity of adjudication. Judges should only be disqualified for a valid, substantively justified reason, not based on mere impressions o
Base: 289
Disqualified from hearing the case
54.3%
157
Allowed to hear the case
31.8%
92
Not sure
13.8%
40
q1treat Traditionally, a judge’s direct financial interest in a case has been considered grounds for disqualification. By having a financial interest there becomes a real risk that a judge’s decision might also influence their financial position.
Base: 313
Disqualified from hearing the case
75.1%
235
Allowed to hear the case
15.0%
47
Not sure
9.9%
31
q1conf How confident are you in your decision about Judge A’s disqualification?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
40.7%
245
6
18.6%
112
5
13.8%
83
4
12.8%
77
3
5.6%
34
1 - Not at all confident
4.7%
28
2
3.8%
23
q2pre Judge C previously presided over a different case involving one of the current parties, Acme Co. In that earlier case, Judge C made unusually strong remarks in his judgment, criticizing Acme Co. for dishonesty and even finding that Acme Co. had
Base: 602
Yes - disqualify
49.5%
298
No - allow to hear the case
34.7%
209
Not sure
15.8%
95
q2pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
27.7%
167
5
23.6%
142
6
16.4%
99
4
15.9%
96
3
8.1%
49
1 - Not at all confident
5.8%
35
2
2.3%
14
q2control In cases involving a judge’s prior remarks or judgments, the focus remains on consistency of process rather than any automatic rule. A judge’s disqualification is permissible only when necessary, and it must rest on established, suffici
Base: 284
Do not disqualify
45.4%
129
Disqualify
32.7%
93
Not sure
21.8%
62
q2treat The key test is whether a fair-minded observer would perceive a real possibility that the judge will not bring an open mind to the new case. If a judge’s prior comments about a party or issue were especially strong or directly related to th
Base: 318
Disqualify
43.4%
138
Do not disqualify
35.2%
112
Not sure
21.4%
68
q2conf How confident are you in your decision regarding Judge C’s disqualification?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
24.8%
149
4
22.4%
135
5
19.8%
119
6
16.9%
102
3
8.8%
53
1 - Not at all confident
4.5%
27
2
2.8%
17
q3pre A Catholic judge is hearing a case challenging abortion laws.Should the judge be disqualified from hearing the challenge to the abortion laws?
Base: 602
Allowed to hear the case
49.8%
300
Disqualified from hearing the case
34.4%
207
Not sure
15.8%
95
q3pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
30.7%
185
5
19.3%
116
6
17.4%
105
4
16.4%
99
1 - Not at all confident
7.5%
45
3
5.6%
34
2
3.0%
18
q3control In sensitive matters touching on personal beliefs or identity, the discussion is framed around judicial process. A judge should only be disqualified where a justifiable cause has been demonstrated, upholding the principle of due process. Th
Base: 296
Allowed to hear the case
61.5%
182
Disqualified
20.6%
61
Not sure
17.9%
53
q3treat A judge’s religion alone is not a valid ground for recusal. Judges are required to apply the law as it stands, regardless of their personal religious, moral, or philosophical beliefs. A fair-minded observer would understand that judges, lik
Base: 306
Allowed to hear the case
69.0%
211
Disqualified
17.0%
52
Not sure
14.1%
43
q3conf How confident are you in your decision?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
34.6%
208
5
20.1%
121
4
17.9%
108
6
15.8%
95
3
5.1%
31
1 - Not at all confident
3.8%
23
2
2.7%
16
q4pre A female judge is hearing a case about alleged gender discrimination against a woman.Should the judge be disqualified from hearing this gender discrimination case?
Base: 602
Allowed to hear the case
81.7%
492
Not sure
9.5%
57
Disqualified
8.8%
53
q4pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
39.0%
235
6
18.6%
112
5
16.1%
97
4
11.0%
66
1 - Not at all confident
7.1%
43
3
4.5%
27
2
3.7%
22
q4control When issues of a judge’s identity (like gender) arise, the key consideration stays anchored in the general standards of neutrality and due process. Judges should only be disqualified when there is a valid justification, and disqualificati
Base: 284
Allowed to hear the case
82.0%
233
Not sure
12.0%
34
Disqualified
6.0%
17
q4treat A judge’s gender (or other personal attribute) is not a basis for recusal. It is generally accepted that no valid objection can be founded solely on factors like a judge’s religion, ethnic or social background, gender, age, class, or othe
Base: 318
Allowed to hear the case
82.4%
262
Not sure
11.0%
35
Disqualified
6.6%
21
q4conf How confident are you in your decision?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
44.5%
268
5
16.9%
102
6
16.1%
97
4
12.0%
72
1 - Not at all confident
4.3%
26
3
4.3%
26
2
1.8%
11
q5pre A judge who previously wrote a scholarly article advocating for stronger protections against defamation is now presiding over a defamation lawsuit in which a public figure (like a politician) is suing a journalist for defamation over a news sto
Base: 602
Allowed to hear the case
56.5%
340
Disqualified from the case
23.8%
143
Not sure
19.8%
119
q5pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
26.1%
157
4
22.4%
135
5
19.4%
117
6
17.9%
108
3
6.0%
36
1 - Not at all confident
5.3%
32
2
2.8%
17
q5should The judge has openly taken a side on a core legal issue in the case they are now hearing. In her published article, she argued that defamation laws should strongly protect individuals’ reputations. A reasonable observer might worry that th
Base: 340
Allowed to hear the case
55.9%
190
Disqualified
32.1%
109
Not sure
12.1%
41
q5mightnot Writing an academic article on a legal issue doesn’t mean the judge cannot be impartial in an actual case. Judges often have prior scholarly or personal opinions, but they are trained to set those aside when deciding cases. In this scena
Base: 143
Allowed to hear the case
63.6%
91
Disqualified
25.2%
36
Not sure
11.2%
16
q5post_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
4
24.4%
147
7 - Very confident
19.6%
118
5
19.1%
115
6
18.4%
111
1 - Not at all confident
8.1%
49
3
6.6%
40
2
3.7%
22
q6pre A judge recently gave a public lecture where he criticized large tech companies for mishandling user data and not respecting privacy. Shortly after, he is assigned to hear a case in which a group of users has sued a major social media company
Base: 602
Allowed to hear the case
56.5%
340
Disqualified from the case
28.4%
171
Not sure
15.1%
91
q6pre_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
7 - Very confident
24.8%
149
5
22.4%
135
4
18.9%
114
6
18.8%
113
3
5.8%
35
1 - Not at all confident
5.0%
30
2
4.3%
26
q6should In his lecture, the judge made strong public remarks that cast tech companies in a negative light, essentially accusing them of disregarding privacy. A reasonable person might think the judge, having already voiced this opinion, will be pred
Base: 340
Allowed to hear the case
60.9%
207
Disqualified
25.6%
87
Not sure
13.5%
46
q6mightnot The judge’s comments were broad and not directed at this particular company or case. Judges often speak on legal or societal issues in public forums – it’s part of engaging with the community. A fair-minded observer would recognize t
Base: 171
Allowed to hear the case
60.8%
104
Disqualified
29.2%
50
Not sure
9.9%
17
q6post_conf How confident are you in your decision about whether the judge should be disqualified?
Base: 602
4
22.8%
137
7 - Very confident
22.4%
135
5
21.4%
129
6
17.3%
104
3
7.1%
43
1 - Not at all confident
5.0%
30
2
4.0%
24
q7 “Judges in my country can generally be trusted to remain impartial in the cases they hear.”To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Base: 602
4 - Neutral
29.2%
176
6
23.9%
144
5
21.3%
128
7 - Strongly agree
17.3%
104
1 - Strongly disagree
3.3%
20
3
3.3%
20
2
1.7%
10
q8 “I am confident that the court system has effective measures to deal with judges who show possible bias.”To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Base: 602
4 - Neutral
25.7%
155
5
23.6%
142
6
17.9%
108
7 - Strongly agree
17.9%
108
3
7.1%
43
1 - Strongly disagree
5.5%
33
2
2.2%
13
q9 Have you ever been involved in a court case (e.g., as a party, witness, or juror)?
Base: 602
No
72.4%
436
Yes
27.6%
166
q10 Do you have any formal legal education or background?
Base: 602
No
86.9%
523
Yes - legally trained but not practicing
8.3%
50
Yes - currently practicing
4.8%
29
q11 Have you ever personally felt that a judge in a case you were involved in (or observed) was biased?
Base: 602
No
47.8%
288
Not applicable
43.2%
260
Yes
9.0%
54
human Thank you for your responses. Please can you prove your humanity by selecting “I am a human” below:
Base: 602
I am a human
100.0%
602
QStatus ** HIDDEN QUESTION TO STORE: all statuses for tracking and ease of redirecting. **